Wait for White - Cord Clamping

The Benefits of Optimal and Delayed Cord Clamping.

In recent years, healthcare professionals have increasingly recognized the importance of cord clamping during childbirth. While since the medicalisation of birth, the umbilical cord was clamped immediately after birth, research now supports the practice of waiting before clamping the cord, a technique known as delayed cord clamping (DCC). In fact, many experts advocate waiting until the cord has turned white or stopped pulsating, which is considered an optimal time to clamp.

This approach has been shown to offer significant benefits for both the newborn and the mother. Let’s explore the science behind optimal or delayed cord clamping, particularly when waiting for the cord to turn white, and how it can improve birth outcomes.

What is Delayed Cord Clamping?

Delayed cord clamping refers to waiting anywhere from 30 seconds to several minutes after birth before clamping the umbilical cord. In previous years the cord was clamped within 15-30 seconds of birth. However, studies have shown that waiting longer allows for the transfer of additional blood from the placenta to the newborn, which can have a wide range of positive effects on the baby’s health and development. The blood within the cord and placenta is all part of baby’s blood circulation - it is not seperate blood - it is the baby’s blood volume.

Optimal cord clamping refers to waiting for the cord to stop pulsating, which typically happens 2-3 minutes after birth. This is certainly more beneficial than immediate clamping, but there will still likely be some blood in the cord.

The Science Behind Waiting for the Cord to Turn White

When the baby is first born, the umbilical cord is still pulsating, actively transferring blood from the placenta. By waiting for the cord to stop pulsating and turn white, parents and healthcare providers are ensuring the baby receives the maximum amount of blood, which is rich in vital nutrients and oxygen. This blood transfer can help reduce the risks of certain health complications, particularly for premature or low birth weight babies.

Here’s how waiting for the cord to turn white can benefit the newborn:

1. Improved Iron Levels and Reduced Risk of Anemia

One of the most significant benefits of delayed cord clamping is the increased transfer of red blood cells from the placenta to the baby. This boost in blood volume can significantly improve the baby’s iron levels, helping to prevent iron deficiency anemia in the early months of life. The iron-rich blood the baby receives supports the development of their brain and immune system.

Research has shown that babies who experience delayed cord clamping have higher iron stores at birth and are less likely to develop anemia in the first year of life. This can be especially beneficial for premature infants or those born with low birth weight, as they are more vulnerable to iron deficiency.

2. Better Blood Circulation and Oxygenation

The additional blood received from the placenta during delayed cord clamping helps enhance the baby’s blood circulation. This additional volume of blood provides a higher supply of oxygen and nutrients to vital organs, especially the brain and heart. The increased oxygen levels may help the newborn to adapt to life outside the womb more smoothly and potentially lower the risk of respiratory distress.

For premature babies, this benefit is even more critical. Premature infants often have underdeveloped organs and may struggle with breathing and circulation in the early stages of life. Delayed cord clamping provides them with extra support during this crucial transition period.

3. Enhanced Stem Cell and Immune System Function

The blood in the umbilical cord contains stem cells that help support the baby’s immune system and overall health. These stem cells can play a crucial role in fighting off infections and promoting healthy organ development. By waiting until the cord turns white and pulsation stops, the baby receives an extra boost of stem cells, which can contribute to stronger immunity and better health outcomes in the long term.

Additionally, this practice supports the baby’s immune system development, helping to ward off infections and promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut.

4. Support for Premature and Low Birth Weight Babies

Delayed cord clamping is particularly beneficial for premature babies and those born with low birth weight. These infants often face a higher risk of anemia, infections, and developmental challenges. By waiting for the cord to turn white, more blood is transferred to the baby, improving their blood volume, oxygen levels, and iron stores, all of which can help support their growth and development.

5. Reduced Risk of Neonatal Complications

Studies have shown that delayed cord clamping can help reduce the risk of several neonatal complications, such as: Intraventricular hemorrhage (bleeding in the brain), Necrotizing enterocolitis (a serious intestinal disease), Hypotension (low blood pressure), Respiratory distress syndrome.

By increasing blood volume and improving oxygenation and nutrient delivery, delayed cord clamping can mitigate the severity of these conditions, improving overall health outcomes for the newborn.

6. Benefits for the Mother

While the focus of delayed cord clamping is often on the newborn, there are also some benefits for the mother. Research indicates that delayed cord clamping may help reduce the risk of postpartum hemorrhage, as the baby’s blood volume is replenished with the additional placental blood. This can help the uterus contract more effectively after delivery, reducing the chances of excessive bleeding.

Conclusion

Optimal or delayed cord clamping, particularly waiting until the cord turns white, offers numerous benefits for both the baby and the mother. By allowing the baby to receive additional blood, the baby benefits from improved oxygenation, iron levels, and immune support, all of which contribute to a healthier start in life. Delayed cord clamping also provides crucial advantages for premature or low birth weight babies, helping to reduce the risk of complications and supporting optimal growth and development.

For mothers, this practice can also reduce the risk of postpartum hemorrhage, contributing to a smoother recovery after childbirth. As the evidence supporting delayed cord clamping continues to grow, more and more healthcare providers are recommending this practice as the standard of care for healthy and uncomplicated birth. But if you would like to wait longer than 60 seconds this is definitely something to discuss with your caregiver and ensure your birth partner knows to advocate for.

If you want to know more about being prepared for birth join me for The Positive Birth Program, comprehensive, evidence-based birth education by a Registered Midwife. Find out more here.